Visible light has demonstrated similar effects to UV radiation in the production of DNA-damaging free radicals and can cause abnormalities in skin cells as well as cell death [2].

Solar radiation that reaches the surface of the earth is composed mainly of infrared radiation (780-5000nm), visible light (400-780nm), and UV radiation (290-400nm). In fact, infrared radiation accounts for about 53% of solar radiation, visible light accounts for about 39-44%, and UV radiation accounts for about 3-7%. Anyway, it doesn't matter if it reflects or absorbs, Titanium Dioxide is a pretty awesome sunscreen agent for two main reasons: it gives a nice broad spectrum coverage and it's highly stable. Its protection is very good between 290 - 350 nm (UVB and UVA II range), and less goodat 350-400 nm (UVA I) range. Regular sized Titanium Dioxide also has a great safetyprofile, it's non-irritating and is pretty much free from any health concerns (like estrogenic effect worries with some chemical filters). While iron oxide is effective at absorbing all wavelengths of visible light [4], it is particularly effective at absorbing longer UVA radiation and blue light but its effects are less optimal as wavelengths increase [5]. UVA and Blue light (high energy visible – HEV – light) are particularly damaging for skin and adequate protection is not offered from conventional sunscreens [2]. Kaye, E., Levin, J., Blank, I. et al. (1991). ‘Efficiency of opaque photoprotective agents in the visible light range’, Ach Dermatol, 127(3), pp. 351-355. With that out of the way, here are the best mineral sunscreens with iron oxide… Skinceuticals Physical Fusion UV defense SPF 50

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They help loosen up the dirt and grime from your skin and hair to allow for water to wash it away with ease.

At SkinCarisma, we've done our best to identify as many ingredients as possible but note the fungal-free label may not be 100% accurate due to the complexconditions and combination of ingredients that malezzeria can thrive on. As for the disadvantages, Zinc Oxide is also not cosmetically elegant. It leaves a disturbing whitish tint on the skin , although , according to a 2000research paper by Dr. Pinnell, it's slightlyless white than TiO2. Still, it's white and disturbing enough to use Zinc Oxide nanoparticles more and more often. In one study, the addition of antioxidants to a sunscreen led to a 78% reduction in the number of free radicals produced after irradiation with visible light. Even more impressive, antioxidants alone reduced the amount of free radical damage in a similar way [6]. This mineral sunscreen with iron oxide from Cotz is light-weight, silky, blends well, and leaves a sheer matte finish. It provides a subtle tint that blends in with all skin tones and is water resistant for up to an hour! It’s non-greasy and suitable for both oily skin types as well as sensitive skin. The coverage may not be enough to replace your foundation, but it would make an excellent primer. In addition, the tinted colour is light enough for fair skin. These include: Amodimethicone, Behenoxy Dimethicone, Bis-Aminopropyl Dimethicone, Cetearyl Methicone, Cetyl Dimethicone, Cyclomethicone, Cyclopentasiloxane, Dimethicone, Dimethicone Copolyol, Dimethiconol, Methicone, Phenyl Trimethicone, Phenyl Trimethicone, Stearoxy Dimethicone, Stearyl Dimethicone, Trimethylsilylamodimethicone.A light-weight mineral sunscreen with iron oxide that offers high UVA protection, is paraben free, oil free, and fragrance-free. This sunscreen is hypoallergenic and gentle on the skin. Formulated with vitamin E and antioxidants to help protect skin against free radical damage and infrared rays. It’s similar to the SkinCeuticals Physical Fusion UV defense but less greasy. It blends perfectly with all skin tones without leaving a chalky residue. However, they still do not offer sufficient visible light protection without the addition of iron oxide. The EU Allergen Free label is for the 26 ingredients identified by the EU SCCS and products will be only flagged if a suspected ingredient is on it's ingredient list. It is possible for cosmetics to contain one of the suspect ingredients without it appearing on the ingredient list due to it not reaching the concentration threshold to disclose it and cosmetic manufacturers choice to not disclose it. Additionally, products that may contain ingredients that have shown to feed Malassezia may not neccessarily exacerbate the condition due to concentration of ingredient used in the product, this information is simply not available on the products. A moisturizer, sunscreen, and foundation in one? This light-weight mineral sunscreen with iron oxide has the benefit of added antioxidants to protect against free radical damage, hyaluronic acid to improve skin hydration, and is available in three different shades. It’s suitable for all skin types and tones. However, it loses a few points for only offering SPF 20 protection.