When Sauron invaded Eriador in S.A. 1695, hordes of Orcs invaded the mountains again. Gundabad was taken and Ered Mithrin was raided. It was not only Orcs the Alliance fought but also other savage Easterlings. [14] Chausse, Jean (2016). "Le pouvoir féminin en Arda". In Qadri, Jean-Philippe; Sainton, Jérôme (eds.). Pour la gloire de ce monde. Recouvrements et consolations en Terre du Milieu (in French). Le Dragon de Brume. p.160, n7. ISBN 978-2-9539896-4-9.

J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Monsters and the Critics and Other Essays, " A Secret Vice", p. 217Around the year S.A. 1000 Sauron reappeared, took the land of Mordor as his realm, and started the construction of Barad-dûr. It is likely that most of his servants were Orcs at this time that he had gathered under his command. Still, for a long time, Sauron’s foul servants did not play an important role, for the Dark Lord had chosen a more subtle way to overthrow the free people by creating the Rings of Power. Tally describes the orcs as a demonized enemy, despite (he writes) Tolkien's own objections to demonization of the enemy in the two World Wars. [30] In a letter to his son, Christopher, who was serving in the RAF in the Second World War, Tolkien wrote of orcs as appearing on both sides of the conflict: With the final downfall of Sauron, [30] and that of his chief agents, [31] [32] the Orcs of the Mountains were diminished, allowing the Longbeards under their king, Durin VII, to reclaim Khazad-dûm in the Fourth Age. [6] Some war machines that "troubled the world" well into following Ages were likely devised by the Goblins. [10] Appearance A clear illustration that Tolkien considered Goblins and Orcs to be the same thing, the former word merely being the English translation of the latter, is that in The Hobbit (the only one of Tolkien's works in which he usually refers to Orcs as goblins) Gandalf asks Thorin if he remembers Azog the Goblin who killed his grandfather Thrór [2], while in all his other writings Tolkien describes Azog as a "great Orc". [3] History Origin " In the final destruction of Thangorodrim and the casting out of Morgoth, their begetter, those in his immediate service had been destroyed, though no doubt some escaped and fled east into hiding." — The Nature of Middle-earth, Silvan Elves and Silvan Elvish a b c Tally, Robert T. Jr. (2010). "Let Us Now Praise Famous Orcs: Simple Humanity in Tolkien's Inhuman Creatures". Mythlore. 29 (1). article 3.

J.R.R. Tolkien, The Lord of the Rings, The Fellowship of the Ring, " The Bridge of Khazad-dûm" The "huge" orc-chieftain is described as "almost man high"Early versions of the game introduced the "half-orc" as race. [48] The orc was described in the first edition of Monster Manual ( op. cit.), as a fiercely competitive bully, a tribal creature often dwelling and building underground; [49] in newer editions, orcs (though still described as sometimes inhabiting cavern complexes) had been shifted to become more prone to non-subterranean habitation as well, adapting captured villages into communities, for instance. [50] [39] The mythology and attitudes of the orcs are described in detail in Dragon #62 (June 1982), in Roger E. Moore's article, "The Half-Orc Point of View". [51]