Hot water bottles work both indoors and outdoors – provided that the body is protected from wind and rain – or indoors with the all the windows open.

Last comment: As someone else mentioned, cloth covers are mandatory, especially| with metal hot water bottles.

It’s possible to reheat the same water over and over again, thus limiting the water use to a few litres during the lifetime of the bottle.

The investment is minimal: a collection of hot water bottles and a kettle – the water can be re-used over and over again.

It was only with the invention of vulcanised rubber in the nineteenth century that more comfortable lightweight and flexible hot water bottles became an option. Eine interessante Alternative, die kein warmes Wasser benötigt und im Kachelofen aufgeheizt werden können. An easy way to heat water around 60°C is to mix boiling water with the same amount of water from the tap (50% boiling water + 50% cold water). This project is led by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government to promote Tokyo's traditions and culture to the world. The hot airblowing out of the louvers would blow the snow away no matter how heavy it was comming down.