Leapfrogging can occur accidentally, when the only systems around for adoption are better than legacy systems elsewhere, or situationally, such as the adoption of decentralized communication for a sprawling, rural countryside. Brezis, E. S.; P. Krugman (1997). Technology and Life Cycle of Cities. Journal of Economic Growth. p.2: 369–383. Brezis, E., P. Krugman, and D. Tsiddon. (1993). Leapfrogging: A Theory of Cycles in National Technological Leadership. American Economic Review. pp.1211–1219. {{ cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link)

Aiginger, Karl; Finsinger, Jörg (2013). Applied Industrial Organization: Towards a Theory-Based Empirical Industrial Organization. Berlin: Springer Science & Business Media. p.67. ISBN 9789048144525. In the field of industrial organization (IO), the main work on leapfrogging was developed by Fudenberg, Gilbert, Stiglitz and Tirole [3] (1983). In their article, they analyze under which conditions a new entrant can leapfrog an established firm.The biggest frog in the world is the goliath frog found in Cameroon, Africa. It can be as heavy as a house cat! The concept of environmental leapfrogging also includes a social dimension. The diffusion and application of environmental technologies would not only reduce environmental impacts, but can at the same time contribute to sustainable economic development and the realization of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) by promoting greater access to resources and technologies to people who currently have no access. Regarding electricity currently nearly one third of the world population has no access to electricity and another third has only poor access. Reliance on traditional biomass fuels for cooking and heating can have a serious impact on health and the environment. There is not only a direct positive link between sustainable renewable energy technologies and climate change mitigation, but also between clean energy and issues of health, education and gender equity. [14] Examples [ edit ] A life cycle is the changes an animal goes through in its life from a baby to an adult. Life cycles go in circles and keep repeating from one generation to the next.

Barro, Robert; Sala-i-Martin, Xavier (2003). Economic Growth. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. pp. 375. ISBN 9780262025539. OCLC 2614137. Tirole, Jean (1988). The Theory of Industrial Organization. Cambridge: MA: MIT Press. p. 391–2. ISBN 9780262200714. Fudenberg, Drew, Gilbert, Richard J., Stiglitz, Joseph and Tirole, Jean (1983). Preemption, Leapfrogging, and Competition in Patent Races. " European Economic Review. p.22: 3–31. {{ cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link)In consequence, when a radical innovation occurs, it does not initially seem to be an improvement for leading nations, given their extensive experience with older technologies. Lagging nations have less experience; the new technique allows them to use their lower wages to enter the market. If the new technique proves more productive than the old, leapfrogging of leadership occurs.

Frogs can see forwards, sideways and upwards all at the same time. They never close their eyes, even when they sleep. A frequently cited example is countries which move directly from having no telephones to having cellular phones, skipping the stage of copperwire landline telephones altogether. [15]

Words that rhyme with 'frog'

Leapfrogging is a concept used in many domains of the economics and business fields, and was originally developed in the area of industrial organization and economic growth. The main idea behind the concept of leapfrogging is that small and incremental innovations lead a dominant firm to stay ahead. However, sometimes, radical innovations will permit new firms to leapfrog the ancient and dominant firm. [1] The phenomenon can occur to firms but also to leadership of countries or cities, where a developing country can skip stages of the path taken by industrial nations, enabling them to catch up sooner, particularly in terms of economic growth. [2] Industrial organization [ edit ] When an egg hatches, out pops a tadpole (or polliwog). Tadpoles look more like fish than frogs. They do not have any arms or legs. They have long tails and gills to breathe underwater. During this stage, the tadpole doesn’t need to eat because it uses the nutrients stored in its tail as food. When just a little stub of a tail is left, it becomes a young frog and hops out of the water onto land. a b c Šebeňa, Martin (2023). "Technological Power". In Kironska, Kristina; Turscanyi, Richard Q. (eds.). Contemporary China: a New Superpower?. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-03-239508-1.