Ravensden Soft Toy Orangutan Sitting 28cm

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a b c d Mahdi, Waruno (2007). Malay Words and Malay Things: Lexical Souvenirs from an Exotic Archipelago in German Publications Before 1700. Frankfurter Forschungen zu Südostasien. Vol.3. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. pp.170–81. ISBN 978-3-447-05492-8.

Meijer, Miriam Claude (2014). Race and Aesthetics in the Anthropology of Petrus Camper (1722–1789) (Studies in the History of Ideas in the Low Countries). Rodopi. p.42. ISBN 978-9042004344. Harper, Douglas. "Orangutan". Online Etymology Dictionary. Archived from the original on 4 November 2012 . Retrieved 4 May 2012. Orangutans live in primary and secondary tropical forests located in Southeast Asia. Typically found in Malaysia and Indonesia, these long-armed, orange-haired mammals have characteristics that are very similar to humans. Living in rich and deep forests, they prefer flooded plains or river valley forests as they provide rich land for foraging their nutrients like wild fruits such as lychees and figs. Orangutans sleep and live in the trees. They build nests on top of the treetops, much like little forts that can be thrown together in minutes. These animals enjoy a warm climate, with temperatures ranging from 18 to 38 degrees Celsius. The warm and humid rainforest climate creates a perfect environment for the orangutans to play amongst the trees, grab fruit and enjoy their relaxed lifestyle. Characteristics And Diet An orangutan feeding on a banana. Atmoko, S. Suci Utami; Singleton, Ian; van Noordwijk, Maria A.; van Schaik, Carel P.; Setia, Tatang Mitra (2009). "Male–male relationships in orangutans". In Wich, Serge A.; Atmoko, S. Suci Utami; Setia, Tatang Mitra; van Schaik, Carel P. (eds.). Orangutans: Geographic Variation in Behavioral Ecology and Conservation. Oxford University Press. pp.227–29. ISBN 978-0-19-921327-6. The risk of extinction for the critically endangered Bornean orangutan is very high. Their population levels have dropped more than 50 percent over the past 60 years, and their habitat has declined by over 80 percent in the past 20 years. The total population of wild Bornean orangutans is estimated to be approximately 70,000-100,000 individuals. On Sumatra, the orangutan population is approximately 13,800 individuals. The Tapanuli orangutan populations is approximately 800 individuals.

Communication And Social Life

de Waal, Frans (January 1995). "The Loneliest of Apes". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 4 May 2013 . Retrieved 26 February 2012. a b c d e Groves, Colin P. (1971). "Pongo pygmaeus". Mammalian Species (4): 1–6. doi: 10.2307/3503852. JSTOR 3503852. Kyle is an adult male Bornean orangutan. Like the Zoo’s other male orangutan, Kiko, Kyle sports large cheekpads and long hair. Kyle is bold, playful and seeks attention from his keepers and the other orangutans. He was born at the Cleveland Metroparks Zoo in December 1996 and came to the Smithsonian’s National Zoo in 2004 as part of the Bornean Orangutan Species Survival Plan. McDowell, Robin (18 January 2009). "Palm oil frenzy threatens to wipe out orangutans". Associated Press. Archived from the original on 20 January 2009 . Retrieved 18 January 2009. On January 19th, 2017, the television show BBC Breakfast aired a segment (shown below) where the hosts show off an animatronic "spy animal" from then-upcoming wildlife series Spy in the Wild, [4] a show where realistic animal robots with cameras in them spy on and interact with real animals. The clip was shared to Facebook [1] that day.

Brady, Heather (18 May 2017). "Extremely Rare Albino Orangutan Found in Indonesia". National Geographic Society. Archived from the original on 17 February 2020 . Retrieved 29 April 2020. Orangutan call repertoires". Universität Zürich – Department of Anthropology. Archived from the original on 3 October 2020 . Retrieved 23 April 2020.Viewing Orangutans in the Wild". Sustainable Travel International. Archived from the original on 3 October 2020 . Retrieved 10 May 2020. Hays, Jeffrey. "Endangered Orangutans: Fires, Poaching and Palm Oil: Facts and Details". factsanddetails.com. Archived from the original on 12 May 2019 . Retrieved 12 May 2019. a b Singleton, I.; van Schaik, C. P. (2002). "The Social Organisation of a population of Sumatran orang-utans". Folia Primatologica. 73 (1): 1–20. doi: 10.1159/000060415. PMID 12065937. S2CID 13557435. On December 21st, 2019, Redditor /u/HansMcBean posted an image macro to /r/ memes [5] using the image, garnering over 33,500 upvotes in roughly a year (shown below). The next day the meme was reposted to /r/MemeEconomy, [6] garnering over 400 upvotes in the same rough span of time. a b Nowak, Matthew G.; Rianti, Puji; Wich, Serge A.; Meijaard, Erik; Fredriksson, Gabriella (2017). " Pongo tapanuliensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017.3. 2017: e.T120588639A120588662. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T120588639A120588662.en.

The Sumatran orangutan genome was sequenced in January 2011. [21] [22] Following humans and chimpanzees, the Sumatran orangutan became the third species of great ape to have its genome sequenced. Subsequently, the Bornean species had its genome sequenced. Bornean orangutans ( P.pygmaeus) have less genetic diversity than in Sumatran ones ( P.abelii), despite populations being six to seven times higher in Borneo. The researchers hope these data may help conservationists preserve the endangered ape, as well as learn more about human genetic diseases. [22] Similarly to gorillas and chimpanzees, orangutans have 48 diploid chromosomes, in contrast to humans, which have 46. [23] :30Morrogh-Bernard HC, Foitová I, Yeen Z, Wilkin P, de Martin R, Rárová L, Doležal K, Nurcahyo W, Olšanský M (2017). "Self-medication by orang-utans ( Pongo pygmaeus) using bioactive properties of Dracaena cantleyi". Scientific Reports. 7 (16653): 16653. Bibcode: 2017NatSR...716653M. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-16621-w. PMC 5709421. PMID 29192145. van Schaik, C. P.; Fox, E. A.; Sitompul, A. F. (1996). "Manufacture and use of tools in wild Sumatran orangutans – implications or human evolution". Naturwissenschaften. 83 (4): 186–88. Bibcode: 1996NW.....83..186V. doi: 10.1007/BF01143062. PMID 8643126. S2CID 27180148. Scott, A. M.; Knott, C. D.; Susanto, T. W. (2019). "Are Male Orangutans a Threat to Infants? Evidence of Mother–Offspring Counterstrategies to Infanticide in Bornean Orangutans ( Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii)". International Journal of Primatology. 44 (3): 435–55. doi: 10.1007/s10764-019-00097-8. hdl: 2144/39274. S2CID 198190605. Estimates in the 2000s found that around 6,500 Sumatran orangutans and around 54,000 Bornean orangutans remain in the wild. [127] A 2016 study estimates a population of 14,613 Sumatran orangutans in the wild, twice that of previous population estimates, [128] while 2016 estimates suggest 104,700 Bornean orangutans exist in the wild. [116] A 2018 study found that Bornean orangutans declined by 148,500 individuals from 1999 to 2015. [129] Fewer than 800 Tapanuli orangutans are estimated to still exist, which puts the species among the most endangered of the great apes. [130] [43] Conservation centres and organisations Zoologische Gesellschaft Frankfurt Programm Director Peter Pratje works with orangutans in Bukit Tigapuluh, Indonesia.